数字人文研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 3-19.

• 游目骋观 •    下一篇

数字可再现时代的数字人文:建立一个最公平的后计算框架

  

  1. 贝亚特里斯·如瓦约-普吕内尔(Béatrice Joyeux-Prunel),瑞士日内瓦大学数字人文讲席教授、文学院副院长;万沛涵(译者),美国伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳—香槟分校东亚系硕士研究生;宋奕璇(译者),中国人民大学哲学院博士研究生.

  • 出版日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2025-02-05

Digital Humanities in the Era of Digital Reproducibility Towards a Fairest and Post-computational Framework

  • Online:2024-12-28 Published:2025-02-05

摘要:

可再现性已成为自然科学研究的一项基本要求,而这一理念的应用正逐渐扩展到数字人摘文。FAIR原则的提出和数据论文的发表均体现了这一趋势。然而,随之而来的问题是,数字可再现性的严格先决条件是否只会将数字人文排除在更广泛的人文学界之外?文章提出了一种二元对立思路的代替方案,在承认人文学科(包括数字人文)的研究对象、研究问题和研究方法的独特性的同时,承认人文学科中的可再现性概念具有其社会和历史背景。文章的第一部分将考察可再现性这一概念在人文科学中的历史和学科语境,以及这一过程所涉及的学科争议,尤其在艺术史和文学领域。第二部分,将基于两个采用多种计算方法的艺术史研究项目,进一步探讨可再现性问题。由于语料库、方法和解释三者不可分割,这使得基于程序化定义的可再现性难以奏效。对此,文章提出采用“后计算可再现性”(post-computational reproducibility),这一框架基于FAIREST标准(FAIR+道德与专业性+来源提及+时间戳),但同时扩展至包括使用其他非计算方法验证来源,以进一步确认计算结果。

关键词:

可再现性  数字人文 , 数字艺术史 , 远读  FAIR原则 , 数据

Abstract:

Reproducibility has become a requirement in the hard sciences, and its adoption is gradually extending to the digital humanities. The FAlR criteria and the publication of data papers are both indicative of this trend. However, the question that arises is whether the strict prerequisites of digital reproducibility serve only to exclude digital humanities from broader humanities scholarship. Instead of adopting a binary approach, an alternative method acknowledges the unique features of the objects, inquiries, and techniques of the humanities, including digital humanities, as well as the social and historical contexts in which the concept of reproducibility has developed in the human sciences. In the first part of this paper, I propose to examine the historical and disciplinary context in which the concept of reproducibility has developed within the human sciences, and the disciplinary struggles involved in this process, especially for art history and literature studies. In the second part, I will explore the question of reproducibility through two art history research projects that utilize various computational methods. I argue that issues of corpus, method, and interpretation cannot be separated, rendering a procedural definition of reproducibility impractical. Consequently, l propose the adoption of “post-computational reproducibility", which is based on FAlREST criteria as far as digital corpora are concerned (FAlR+Ethics and Expertise, Source mention+Time-Stamp), but extended to include further sources that confirm computational results with other non-computational methodologies.

Key words:

reproducibility , digital humanities ,  digital art history , distant reading , FAIR principles , data

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