数字人文研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 116-128.

• 伦理&治理 • 上一篇    

数字文化遗产治理视域下传统地方戏曲数据库的著作权保护

左梓钰，四川师范大学法学院讲师，四川师范大学互联网法治研究中心研究员   

  • 出版日期:2026-06-28 发布日期:2026-07-16
  • 基金资助:
    传统地方戏曲资源数字化保护与智能共享四川省文化和旅游厅重点实验室(成都理工大学)资助项目“传统地方戏曲的数据库建设与保护研究”(24XQYB01)

Copyright Protection of Traditional Local Opera Databases from the Perspective of Digital Cultural Heritage Governance

  • Online:2026-06-28 Published:2026-07-16

PDF (PC)

11

摘要：

传统地方戏曲是集体智慧的结晶，因而具有民间文学艺术的族群性、传承性和文化性特征。著作权法中作为戏剧作品示例之一的地方戏应解释为已满足法定作品构成要件的地方戏曲。地方戏曲数据汇编(数据库)作为数字文化遗产的代表之一，是关于构成作品或不构成作品的地方戏曲数据的集合，其受著作权保护的前提是构成汇编作品。基于地方戏曲数据库亦具有民间文学艺术的性质，所以地方戏曲数据库的使用可能引发权属、利用及获益分配的争议。为了完善地方戏曲数据库的著作权保护并抑制数据库对著作权公有领域的侵蚀，宜细化数据库的权属和利用规则，构建关于数据库的集体管理制度和惠益分享机制。以地方戏曲数据库的著作权保护为切口，冀望为更广泛的数字文化遗产善治提供法律基石。

关键词: 传统地方戏曲 , 著作权 , 数据汇编(数据库) , 民间文学艺术 , 惠益分享 , 数字文化遗产

Abstract:

Traditional local operas are the crystallization of collective wisdom,and thus they possess the ethnic,inheritable and cultural characteristics of folklore.As one of the examples of dramatic works in copyright law,local operas should be interpreted as those that have met the legal requirements for the formation of works. A compilation of local opera data( a local opera database),as one of the representatives of digital cultural heritage,is a collection of data about local operas that either constitute works or do not. The prerequisite for it to be protected by copyright is that it constitutes a compilation work.Given that the local opera database also has the nature of folklore,the use of the local opera database may lead to disputes over ownership,utilization and benefit distribution.To improve the copyright protection of the local opera database and curb the erosion of the database on the public domain of copyright,it is advisable to refine the ownership and utilization rules of the database,and establish a collective management system and benefit-sharing mechanism for the database.By taking the copyright protection of local opera databases as a starting point,it is hoped to provide a legal foundation for the better governance of a wider range of digital cultural heritage.

Key words: traditional local operas , copyright , compilations of data(databases) , folklore , benefit-sharing , digital cultural heritage

中图分类号: 

版权所有 © 《数字人文研究》编辑部
地址：中国人民大学数字人文研究中心《数字人文研究》编辑部　邮编：100872　
电话：010-62511463　
技术支持：北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司