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    Panorama and Prospect:Digital Humanities and National Strategy for Digitalization of CultureOverview of the 2022 China Digital Humanities Conference

    Yang Zekun, Li Shaojian, Kai Limai
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (1): 3-17.  
    Abstract809)      PDF(pc) (1824KB)(2195)       Save
    Co-hosted by the School of Information Resource Management of Renmin University China,the Re- search Center for Digital Humanities of Renmin University China,and the Digital Humanities Professional Committee of the China Society of Indexers,the 2022 China Digital Humanities Annual Conference (CDH 2022) was held online from November 26th to 27th,2022. With the theme of " Panorama and Prospect:Digital Humanities and National Strat- egy for Digitalization of Culture" and under the background of the National Strategy for Digitalization of Culture,the conference discussed the long-term blueprint for the panoramic presentation of Chinese culture and the continuous ex- pansion and breakthrough of digital humanities in depth. The conference held eight general forums and two youth forums to present the papers,selected and awarded outstanding digital humanities papers and projects,and founded an education sub-forum. This paper summarizes the papers,projects,and the education sub-forum discussions of this an- nual conference and analyzes the current research trend and major research topics of Chinese digital humanities re- search.
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    Narrative Study in the Digital Age:A Review of Digital Narrative Spaces:An Interdisciplinary Examination
    Song Jie
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 101-111.  
    Abstract632)      PDF(pc) (1078KB)(1545)       Save

    The issue of space has received attention widely in the field of narratology all along. In this age characterized by the rapid development of digital media, digital narrative space becomes narrative researchers’ focal point naturally. The book Digital Narrative Spaces: An Interdisciplinary Examination, featured with interdisciplinarity, transmediality and cross-genre, explores narrative space in different digital media in detail, which not only deepens narrative and literary spatial studies, but also inspires literary studies a lot. In brief, the book is refreshing for it broadens the dimension of studies on narrative space in theoretical propositions, research targets, research approaches and some other aspects.

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    An On-Site Study and Its GIS Presentation of the Grand Canal in Painting Album of the Great Canal Journeys by Qian Gu and Visual Travelogue of A Journey Through the Waterways by Zhang Fu of Ming Dynasty

    Chien Chin-Sung Liao Hsiung-Ming Wang Yong Zhang Shujun Tang Chen Yan Cheng Xie Dinghong
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (1): 50-60.  
    Abstract246)      PDF(pc) (4617KB)(954)       Save

    Qian Gu(钱榖) 's Painting Album of the Great Canal Journeys(《纪行图册》) was based on Wang Shizhen(王世贞)'s Shi Jin Ji Xing(《适晋纪行》) in the fourth year of the Longqing reign (1570) in June and was painted into 32 scenes from Cangshan Xiaozhi Garden(仓山小祗园) to Yangzhou Yangzi Bridge(扬州扬子桥). Zhang Fu(张复)'s Visual Travelogue of A Journey Through the Waterways(《水程图》)was drawn on the boat going north when Wang Shizhen entered the position of Taipu(太仆) in the second year of Wanli (1574) in February. He depicted 52 scenes from Shao Bo(邵伯)to Tongzhou(通州). Both works were done in a realistic style and are consid- ered exceptional in the Ming dynasty's painting history. This article uses the on-site study method to undertake three tasks. First,since Wang Shizhen's trip to the north coincided with the Great Canal's changing period during the comple- tion of the Longqing Xinhe(隆庆新河) and the discussion of the Jiahe(泇河),this article intends to digitize all the waterways they passed through. Second,Qian Gu stated that he wanted to record the true landscape at that time,so this article uses travel diaries,local gazetteers,ancient and modern maps,and my own research results through the on-site study to explain each illustration and verify the degree of realism depicted by the painters. Third,the value of the more than 80 scenes is like discovering a large box of Ming dynasty videotapes. This article will reveal the true appearance of the Great Canal in the Ming dynasty in a visual and expressive manner through the true nature of the scenes.

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    Digital Humanities Construction in the Development of Smart MuseumsThe Practice of Shanghai Museum as an Example
    Liu Jian
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 39-49.  
    Abstract442)      PDF(pc) (8398KB)(893)       Save
    It has been nearly 10 years since the emergence of the concept of smart museums. In the practice of smart museum construction, after collecting a large amount of data, the use of the data appears to be less than satisfactory, and to some extent this can be said to be a bottleneck faced by the construction of smart museums. How to break through this stagnation and start from data collection, management, and mining to form a new model of museum knowledge production and organization services, so that the core functions of smart museums, such as smart management, smart conservation, and smart services, can operate firmly, and in this regard, the emerging digital humanities research in the humanities provides good methods and tools to learn from. 
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    The Logic and Approach of Digital Reconstruction of Ancient Books in the Data Intelligence 
    LeiJueying, HouXilong, WangXiaoguang
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 46-56.  
    Abstract425)      PDF(pc) (1746KB)(643)       Save
    With the continuous development of the ancient books protection plan and the digital publishing of the ancient books,China has accumulated a huge number of ancient books digital resources. Under the environment of data intelligence,how to apply new technologies and new ideas to realize the extraction,display,activation and utilization of excellent cultural genes contained in ancient books has gradually become the main goal and core task of ancient books digitalization in the new era. Based on the digitalization of ancient books,this paper puts forward the concept of"digital reconstruction of ancient books",and analyzes the differences between the two concepts. Then it refines the theoretical basis of digital reconstruction of ancient books,and constructs a stack model from the carrier record layer,content organization layer and application layer.The paper also puts forward the realization approach of digital reconstruction of ancient books from the five dimensions of theory,technology,users,mechanism and mode,which provides a reference for the in-depth development and activation of ancient book resources. Digital reconstruction of ancient books is an important part of the activation of ancient books in the future,which can provide a new guiding concept for the work of ancient books in the new era.
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    Study on Tongyuan Zidian with Database Method

    Fang Shuyi
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 93-106.  
    Abstract160)      PDF(pc) (1126KB)(595)       Save
    As Wang Li is masterpiece in his later years,Tongyuan Zidian is of epoch-making significance in the history of Chinese etymology. Due to the complexity of the text in Tongyuan Zidian,quantitative analysis can only be  carried out effectively relying on computer information processing. Based on MS Access 2019 platform, the establishment of a full-text database not only helpsus to sort out those features,but also examines the distribution of cognate words in Chinese and their internal linking rules from multiple perspectives. In that case,all achievements or deficiencis of this book will be judged more objectively. Anyway,it will offer a newreference model to the later digitizing 
    workon the samekind of dictionaries.
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    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 3-13.  
    Abstract301)      PDF(pc) (2643KB)(552)       Save
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    Towards Language Sensitivity and Diversity in the Digital Humanities
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 3-20.  
    Abstract342)      PDF(pc) (1205KB)(522)       Save

    Recent years have seen a growing focus on diversity in the digital humanities,and yet there has been rather less work on geolinguistic diversity,and the research which has been carried out often focuses on the structures of geographic representation in the field or has viewed ‘language’ as a technical or linguistic problem to solve. This article takes a different view,namely that we need to consider this diversity through multiple ‘frames’ of digitally-mediated language and culture,and that this is not just a question of epistemic justice or community manners,but that the digital humanities also need to address more actively challenges around global dynamics of digital multilingualism,transcultural exchange and geodiversity in its research agenda. This paper explores these questions through the prism of ‘language indifference’ in digital studies and, responding to Galina’s call for better data on the state of geolinguistic diversity in DH(2014),it articulates possible frameworks for addressing this diversity in a strategic, programmatic and research-led manner. We conclude by exploring the role of a greater multilingual focus in what Liu calls ‘the techne of diversity’ in digital humanities(2020),and contend that the digital humanities has much to gain,and much to offer,in engaging more fully with the languages-related cultural challenges of our era.

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    The Digital Turn in Early Modern Japanese Studies
    Zhou Ruiqi Guan Fanyi
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 116-128.  
    Abstract212)      PDF(pc) (5106KB)(405)       Save
    Hosted by the University of Cambridge, the international symposium “The Digital Turn in Early Modern Japanese Studies” was held online from December 2nd to 4th,2022. “Early Modern Japan” is one of the most rapidly advancing and fertile fields in Japanese digital humanities research at this stage,and this conference showcased the characteristics of current Japanese DH research to some extent. The application of digital technologies and tools, such as OCR technology,the IIIF framework,GIS systems,and high - magnification digital microscopes,has pushed forward research on many fundamental issues in early modern Japanese studies,including handwriting recognition and reading. Also,digital humanities research has made excellent achievements in art,literature,and print culture,further promoting the accessibility of resources and the revitalization of traditional disciplines. At the same time,challenges like unresolved technical issues and the adaptability of digital resources still existed,as well as issues regarding the research environment,concepts,and ethics. Last but not least,some research perspectives shown at the conference could inspire Chinese digital humanities research,such as the emphasis on constructing portal websites and awareness of serving a wider range of people.
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    Infrastructuring Digital Humanities:on Relational Infrastructure and Global Reconfiguration of The Field
    Urszula Pawlicka Deger Trans, Guo Jianan
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (1): 24-37.  
    Abstract192)      PDF(pc) (1420KB)(388)       Save
    How do the power dynamics of actors in digital knowledge production define the contours of global sci- ence and humanities? Where are scholars now in their efforts to improve a networked,global academic system based on the values of equal access to resources,inclusive participation,and the diversity of epistemologies? This article inter- venes in these questions by discussing social dimensions of global knowledge infrastructure—connection,standardiza- tion,and access—to understand the specification and materialization of global digital humanities ( DH). As digital practices expand across the world,the DH community struggles to ensure inclusive participation and equal opportunities in developing the field. This article shows that discrepancies in global DH lie at the root of existing infrastructure ine- qualities. Drawing on science and technology studies,it then argues that in order to overcome these imbalances,the aca- demic community can seek the ‘ infrastructuring’ of DH. Infrastructuring is an analytical concept that shifts attention from ‘structure’ to ‘process’ of co-creation in the vein of participatory design that foregrounds public engagement, shared interest,and long-term relationships with stakeholders to create networks from which equal opportunities and new forms of connections can emerge. This would involve building an inclusive network of unique nodes of local com- munities on top of the global knowledge infrastructure.
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    A Data-driven Approach to Studying Changing Vocabularies in Historical Newspaper Collections

    Simon Hengchen, Ruben Ros, Jani Marjane, Mikko Tolonen, Trans. Fang Huakang
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 74-92.  
    Abstract177)      PDF(pc) (6353KB)(385)       Save
    Nation and nationhood are among themost frequently studied concepts in the field ofintellectual history. At the same time,theword ‘nation and its historical usage are veryvague. The aim in this article was to develop a data-drivenmethod using dependencyparsing and neuralword embeddings to clarify some of the vagueness in the evo- lutionthis concept. To this end,we propose the following two-step method. First,usinglinguistic processing,we create a large set of words pertaining to the topic of nation. Second,we traindiachronicwordembeddings anduse themto quantify the strength ofthe semantic similarity between these words and thereby create meaningful clusters,which are then a- ligned diachronically. To illustrate the robustness of the study acrosslanguages,time spans,as well as large datasets,we apply it to the entirety of fivehistorical newspaper archives in Dutch,Swedish,Finnish,and English. To our knowledge, thus far there have been no large-scale comparative studies of this kind thatpurport to grasp long-term developments in as many as four different languages in adata-driven way. A particular strength of themethod we describe in this article is that,by design,it is not limited to the study of nationhood,but rather expands beyond it toother research questions and is reusable in different contexts.
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    Integrated Interdisciplinary Workflows for Research on Historical Newspapers: Perspectives from Humanities Scholars,Computer Scientists, and Librarians#br# #br#
    Sarah Oberbichler Emanuela Boroş Antoine Doucet Jani Marjanen Eva Pfanzelter Juha Rautiainen Hannu Toivonen Mikko Tolonen Trans. Zhang Chenwen
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 83-100.  
    Abstract173)      PDF(pc) (8993KB)(378)       Save
    This article considers the interdisciplinary opportunities and challenges of working with digital cultural heritage, such as digitized historical newspapers, and proposes an integrated digital hermeneutics workflow to combine purely disciplinary research approaches from computer science, humanities, and library work. Common interests and motivations of the above-mentioned disciplines have resulted in interdisciplinary projects and collaborations such as the NewsEye project, which is working on novel solutions on how digital heritage data is(re)searched, accessed, used, and analyzed. We argue that collaborations of different disciplines can benefit from a good understanding of the workflows and traditions of each of the disciplines involved but must find integrated approaches to successfully exploit the full potential of digitized sources. The paper is furthermore providing an insight into digital tools, methods ,and hermeneutics in action, showing that integrated interdisciplinary research needs to build something in between the disciplines while respecting and understanding each others expertise and expectations.
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    Digital Imaging in Historical Linguistics: The Guyinxiaojing Website
    Sheng Yihan, Tian Yujiao
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 86-99.  
    Abstract1838)      PDF(pc) (19704KB)(361)       Save
    The Guyinxiaojing is a non - profit historical linguistics knowledge sharing website created and opera- ted by individuals. It adopts a model in which many traditional Chinese linguistics enthusiasts provide materials and participate in the construction. As a linguistic database,Guyinxiaojing contains important materials in various fields of traditional Chinese linguistics. With a wide range of contents , novel and diverse presentation formats,and various practical tools,this website facilitates the teaching and research of traditional linguistics. As a mature digital humanities pro- ject based on the crowdsourcing construction of manyenthusiasts,Guyinxiaojing has achieved excellent results in many aspects such as resources digitization,database construction,functional services,website operation,etc.,and is unique and sustainable. Such project's organization and construction results are worthy of referencefor constructing linguistics databases and all digital humanities projects.
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    The New Liberal Arts and New Digital Humanities Education
    Feng Huiling
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 14-21.  
    Abstract265)      PDF(pc) (1067KB)(355)       Save
    This article summarizes the new characteristics of digital humanities educationas new educational pattern,new goals,new structure,and new roles. The new educational idea runs through the above-mentioned new characteristics. Digital humanities education has no definite position in the current discipline map. The intersection and cutting-in of multi-discipline make the discipline affiliation of digital humanities educationa diversified pattern. Digital humanities education does not pursue imparting definite knowledge,but aims to guide students to embrace open knowledge and strengthen thinking training. The long-span,multi-cues,and deeply integrated knowledge intersection of digital humanities has triggered multi-level structural updates,such as curriculum structure,teacher team structure,and teacher-student knowledge structure. Digital humanities education must shift from one-way indoctrination to student participatory learning,give more teaching resources to students,and implement open source education,which will lead to changes in the traditional roles of teachers and students.
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    Un-disappeared Geography:Context Perception,Geomedia and the Change of Man-land Relationship
    Ga Zangcao
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 104-112.  
    Abstract243)      PDF(pc) (1136KB)(315)       Save
    The combination of Geomedia and mobile network makes the long-lost " disappeared geography" the spotlight of the internet; physical geography, where location, place, spaces, objects, and people are connected, breaking through the single relationship between people and content in the traditional internet. Digital geography has transformed from the information level of the traditional Internet into an important factor for the interconnection of all things. Focuses on sensor technology, context technology realizes the integration of physical context, social context and application context through perception, dativization and integration of geographic information. It is the beginning of the era of context. Geomedia has increasingly penetrated andintegrated into the real and social contexts and formed various application contexts, which have become the competitiveresources of mobile network. Based on the comprehensive digitization of Man-land, the new Man-land relationshippresents the characteristics of comprehensive datalization of human and land, heterogeneous public space, cocoon effect of Man-land relationship and re-localization.
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    Research on the Construction of "Metadata Ontology" of Chinese Traditional Music Knowledge Base#br#
    Cao Junjun, Li Junxuan, Wang Yuhe
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 22-37.  
    Abstract195)      PDF(pc) (9305KB)(307)       Save
    The construction of the knowledge base of Chinese traditional music resources is in line with the cultural strategies of China to promote national music and prosper the music industry, and it also meets the demands of the joint construction of library resources in the music circle. The construction of " metadata ontology" is the key point, especially the design for the characteristics of Chinese traditional music and the knowledge structure of Chinese traditional musicology. The research is based on the practice of the "Chinese Traditional Music Culture Resource Bank" in the library of the China Conservatory of Music, especially in combination with the characteristics of its " image records" ,to carry out the design of the basic ontology scheme; combined with the characteristics of traditional music culture related to multiple fields, it constructs corresponding categories, relationships and semantic constraints, such as involving music genres, musical instruments, and thesaurus of ethnic groups, and semantic associations with repertoire, musicians, regions, and written documents. This program will benefit traditional music classification research and knowledge retrieval in vertical fields, and has application prospects in music geography and music anthropology community analysis.The construction of the knowledge base of Chinese traditional music resources is in line with the cultural strategies of China to promote national music and prosper the music industry, and it also meets the demands of the joint construction of library resources in the music circle. The construction of " metadata ontology" is the key point, especially the design for the characteristics of Chinese traditional music and the knowledge structure of Chinese traditional musicology. The research is based on the practice of the " Chinese Traditional Music Culture Resource Bank" in the library of the China Conservatory of Music, especially in combination with the characteristics of its "image records" ,to carry out the design of the basic ontology scheme; combined with the characteristics of traditional music
    culture related to multiple fields, it constructs corresponding categories, relationships and semantic constraints, such as involving music genres, musical instruments, and thesaurus of ethnic groups, and semantic associations with repertoire, musicians, regions, and written documents. This program will benefit traditional music classification research and knowledge retrieval in vertical fields, and has application prospects in music geography and music anthropology community analysis.
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    Visualizing Music Similarity:Clustering and Mapping 500 Classical Music Composers
    Patrick Georges, Ngoc Nguyen, Trans.Zhang Jiaming
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 68-85.  
    Abstract336)      PDF(pc) (20794KB)(298)       Save
    This paper applies clustering techniques and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis to a 500 x 500 composers'similarity/distance matrix. The objective is to visualizeor translate the similarity matrix into dendro- grams and maps of classical (European art) music composers. We construct dendrograms and maps for the Baroque, Classical ,and Romantic periods ,and a map that represents seven centuries of European art music in one single graph. Finally,we also use linear and non - linear canonical correlation analyses to identify variables underlying the dimen- sions generated by the MDS methodology.
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    Short Review of Building Knowledge Graphs in Digital Humanities Domain : Methods and Practice
    Jia Junzhi
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 112-112.  
    Abstract255)      PDF(pc) (716KB)(295)       Save
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    Digital Humanities and the Emerging Framework for Digital Curation
    Arjun Sabharwal, Trans.LongJiaqing
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 57-69.  
    Abstract264)      PDF(pc) (1181KB)(295)       Save

    Digital humanities (DH) represents an emerging framework for digital curation. This study focuses on the evolving relationship of the DH (including history) to digital curation and archives and describes the models of collaboration in the digital environment. A conceptual framework is presented, followed by discussions of scarcity and abundance, archival frameworks, models of collaboration, and a review of selected DH projects.Despite the semantic dis- agreements over the term archives, researchers and curators should consider each other's perspectives for continued collaboration.


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    Spatial Distribution of Cities and Towns in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China and Evaluation of Modern Economic Vitality Based on Multi-Source Data: Taking the Yellow River Basin as an Example
    Li Shuang, Sun Tao
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 39-51.  
    Abstract249)      PDF(pc) (13550KB)(268)       Save
    As one of the important birth places of Chinese civilization, there are numerous historical cities and towns in the Yellow River Basin. Under the strategic background of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, the evaluation of the economic vitality of historical cities and towns is of great significance for the perception of regional human settlements and the overall assessment of the current status of the protection and utilization of historical cities and towns. Using multi-source spatial data (including topographic maps in the late Qing Dynasty and Early Repulic of China, and today's remote sensing images) to accurately locate historical towns in the Yellow River Basin, we performed multivariate quantitative analysis of area, distance from the river, elevation, slope, etc. ,and analyzed the spatial distribution using the nuclear density method. By constructing two light brightness indices of Luojia 1-01 night time light imagery,the economic vitality of historical city sites was identified,and the influencing factors of night light index was explored. Analyzing the results of night economic classification of cities and towns allows for the study of the protection and utilization of historical city sites in the Yellow River Basin and analysis of the integrity and spatial differences of regional historical cities and towns. In addition, this research also provides new ideas and attempts for historical urban geography and other related research from a data and methods perspective.
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    Johana Drucker, Trans.Zhu Zitong
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 7-15.  
    Abstract259)      PDF(pc) (1142KB)(268)       Save

    Concepts of sustainability touch every aspect of scholarly work and are particularly urgent in thinking about those practices that depend on digital technology. The costs of digital scholarship are frequently posed in terms of human labor and rights abuses. Ecological and environmental damage carbon footprints. waste of resources associated with obsolescence. And other issues that affect every stage of the lifecycle of production. But sustainability also needs to be understood as an epistemic concept embedded in complex systems, not merely as a set of problems to be solved through instrumental means applied to operational logistics. This article addresses mechanistic approaches to sustain ability, while suggesting that the complexity of the concept of sustainability requires the humanistic methods and ethical principles to be engaged in decisions about future practices in pedagogy, research, and institutional sites.

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    Japanese Digital Humanities Lurking Beneath Digital Archive and Data Science—A Country Perspective
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 100-112.  
    Abstract363)      PDF(pc) (15592KB)(265)       Save
    Different from the boom in Europe,the United States and China,Japanese Digital Humanities research has been developing in a bottom - up pattern, showing a practice - oriented, internally directed development. Based on interviews with seven Japanese scholars from different humanities and social disciplines, the development of DH in Japan and the issues it encompasses are sorted out from three aspects: experiences and problems in the process of Digital Archive construction, the current state of acceptance of DH in Japan, and the future development of DH driven by Data Science, which are full of thought - provoking reflections. From a comparative perspective, three reflections are offered on the common problems in the development of DH across countries: the appropriateness of evaluating existing research results by "DH” ,the possibility of sustaining the development of DH by combining policy orientation and academic consciousness, and the importance of cultivating and implementing " Digital Thinking" for the promotion of both international and local DH in the region.
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    Analysis of the Digital Humanities Culture Analytics Field and Application Prospect of Large Language Models—Interview with Professor Matthew Wilkens
    Matthew Wilkens Yang Xiaoyan
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 3-14.  
    Abstract534)      PDF(pc) (11481KB)(265)       Save
    Cultural analytics under the digital humanities is a research field where scholars combine quantitative analysis from mathematics,statistics,and social sciences with complex large-scale social and cultural datasets. The article is an interview with Dr. Matthew Wilkens of Cornell University,an active scholar in this field. It includes an introduction to the current situation of the field,his research experience,prospects,educational ideas,and more. Dr. Wilkens believes that the methods and technologies of digital humanistic culture analysis are transferable,but to avoid the impulse of generalization and generalization,the field still faces two major challenges: one technical and one conceptual.In particular,the idea that literary and historical problems such as cultural evolution cannot be solved by close reading and that the core of some quantitative research is still humanism is still difficult to accept. This difficulty of conceptual change will make digital humanities research within the humanities stagnate. At present,there are signs that the growth of digital humanities will occur in information science and other technical disciplines. At the same time,the rapidly developing large-scale generative models have great application potential in the field of cultural analytics. It will be an important trend for humanists to cooperate with developers of large-scale language models in the future.
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    Reflection on the Method of Gathering of Scattered Literature in the Digital Humanity Era
    Tang Chen Zhang Ping
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 31-38.  
    Abstract212)      PDF(pc) (1377KB)(248)       Save

    In the era of digital humanities, the work of gathering scattered literature puts forward two requirements for scholars. First, we should continue the experience of Gathering of Scattered Writings, Bibliography and Textualcriticism, and actively connect with the latest technology in the field of digital humanities. In the preliminary preparation stage, the scope of literature should be defined in combination with the traditional experience of bibliography. At the stage of deep excavation and expansion, digital humanistic means such as GIS and Social Network Analysis should be used to assist in our work. In the stage of editing and proofreading, we should pay close attention to the objects for a long time, and repeatedly use the latest data and databases to carry out the continuation and proofreading. In the stage of counterfeit identification, we should flexibly use the traditional life textual research method and the digital textual research method. The second requirement is to use various databases and tools flexibly. For searchable databases, keywords need to be set in advance and supplemented and adjusted at any time based on the collected data. Among the existing search-type databases, the local chronicles database has the greatest potential for our work and is worth strengthening. For the image database that cannot be full-text retrieved, we can compile a thematic index or build a title database by self, so as to establish a new growth point for our work. In addition, some commonly used databases in other fields, such as CNKI and DUXIU, can sometimes provide unexpected help for our work too.


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    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 107-108.  
    Abstract165)      PDF(pc) (1290KB)(230)       Save
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    Digital Humanities: Towards New Liberal Arts: Review of the 3rd Conference of Chinese Digital Humanities 2021
    Peng Yunzhu, Wang Runqi
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 3-12.  
    Abstract675)      PDF(pc) (8290KB)(217)       Save

    It is an unremitting pursuit of contemporary scholars to build disciplines. The conference M New Liberal Arts? Positing the Digital Humanities in the New Era:The Third Conference of Chinese Digital Humanities"  organized by the Nanjing University and the Chinese Society of Indexing,has been held online on November 6 and 7 ,2021. This paper uses measurement and analysis methods to sort out the conference four types of papers presented at this conference,keynote lectures,group presentations,young scholars ’
 forums,and reports on digital infrastructure construction. This conference also collected and awarded outstanding digital the world. These fully demonstrate the research,construction achievements and reflections in China’s digital humanities field in 2021. Apart from that,this conference pioneered the " Digital Humanities Open Data Innovation Research Competition" with the help of a commercial platform and actively explored the integration path of industry,academia,and research in humanities. From this conference, we can see the opportunities offered by digital humanities under the digital wave , which can promote humanities , social sciences and science and engineering scholars to carry out multi-faced and multiple collaborations and innovations in research paradigms and contents. However, due to the pandemic, the conference failed to achieve the expected results in terms of international conversations.

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    Knowledge Extraction of Cultural Heritage Information Resources Based on Keywords
    Peng Bo
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 39-49.  
    Abstract224)      PDF(pc) (5937KB)(185)       Save

    With the explosive growth of cultural heritage information resources, efficient extraction methods of unstructured data affects the spread of Chinese traditional culture. This article takes the text of cultural heritage information resources as the research object, proposes to classify them by sources, select keyword extraction methods according to different knowledge distribution characteristics, and retrieve cultural heritage entities and relationships in the knowledge graph after obtaining keywords to complete the path of knowledge extraction. The experimental results show that the categorized keyword extraction method established by the research can improve more than 50% compared with other methods, and can better extract the cultural heritage knowledge in unstructured data.

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    Virtual Museums as An Extended Museum Experience:Challenges and Impacts for Museology,Digital Humanities,Museums and Visitors —in Times of (Coronavirus) Crisis
    Bernadette Biedermann Trans. Gao Yan
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 15-30.  
    Abstract363)      PDF(pc) (12541KB)(182)       Save
    Since there has been a recent trend to establishing virtual museums,which various institutions have swiftly responded to,the objective of this paper is to understand the nature of virtual and / or digital museums by focusing on their particular characteristics. In this approach,the paper proceeds from the assumption that museum representations in the virtual space and / or virtual museums could extend conventional or physical museum space,leading to enhanced visitor attraction and experience. The paper thus focuses on the virtual museum as an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary object of investigation from the perspective of museology and digital humanities and seeks to ascertain whether scholarly and practical impacts are achieved. It also analyses the expected impacts on practical museum work and visitor needs,especially with respect to the tasks museums are required to fulfil in times of crisis.
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    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (1): 18-23.  
    Abstract129)      PDF(pc) (3924KB)(176)       Save
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    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 109-112.  
    Abstract132)      PDF(pc) (944KB)(173)       Save
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    Public Benefit Open Academic Database:The Practice and Thinking of the Modern History Database Platform#br#
    Zhang Yiming
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 75-82.  
    Abstract170)      PDF(pc) (1003KB)(168)       Save
    With its massive literature resources and free services,the Modern History Database Platform has taken place in the market where commercial databases are abundant. Modern History Database Platform has created a fair academic environment between schools, between researchers and history lovers, and between domestic and foreign countries, which has been particularly evident during the COVID-19 period. In addition to creating a convenient database, the Modern History Database Platform continuously explores a new model of public benefit and open academic database serving society by mining historical documents collected by folk and carrying out history teaching activities for middle school students. Relying on the solidsupport of the country,this platform gradually breaks between information technology and historical documents, database and history between the researchers and the barriers between literature databases. It cultivates interdisciplinary talents with both historical background and primarycomputer drive. With the
    help of full-text retrieval technology power,through the underlying logic to realize data sharing, this platform eliminates the " knowledge monopoly" caused by the commercial database and better serves society. All these will become the goal of the public benefit open academic database represented by the Modern History Database Platform.
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    ROSSIO Infrastructure: A Digital Humanities Platform to Explore the Portuguese Cultural Heritage
    Gonçalo M. d. Silva, Ana C. Glória, Ângela S. Salgueiro, Bruno Almeida, Daniel Monteiro, Marco R. d. Freitas, Nuno Freire, Trans. Liu Yusi
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (1): 95-112.  
    Abstract153)      PDF(pc) (4638KB)(154)       Save
    The ROSSIO Infrastructure is developing a free and open-access platform for aggregating, organising, and connecting the digital resources in the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities provided by Portuguese higher education and cultural institutions. This paper presents an overview of the ROSSIO Infrastructure, its main objectives, the institutions involved, and the services offered by the infrastructure’s aims through its platform—namely, a discovery portal, digital exhibitions, collections, and a virtual research environment. These services rely on a metadata-aggregation solution for bringing the digital objects’ metadata from the providing institutions into ROSSIO. The aggregated datasets are converted into linked data and undergo an enrichment process based on controlled vocabularies, which are developed and published by ROSSIO. The paper will describe this process, the applications involved, and how they interoperate. We will further reflect on how these services may enhance the dissemination of science, considering the FAIR principles.
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    Understanding Memories of the Holocaust——A New Approach to Neural Networks in the Digital Humanities
    Tobias Blanke Michael Bryant Mark Hedges Trans. Zhang Sitong
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 16-34.  
    Abstract231)      PDF(pc) (49446KB)(150)       Save
    This article addresses an important challenge in artificial intelligence research in the humanities,which has impeded progress with supervised methods. It introduces a novel method to creating test collections from smaller subsets. This method is based on what we will introduce as distant supervision' and will allow us to improve computational modelling in the digital humanities by including new methods of supervised learning. Using recurrent neural networks,we generated a training corpus and were able to train a highly accurate model that qualitatively and quantitatively improved a baseline model. To demonstrate our new approach experimentally, we employ a real-life research question based on existing humanities collections. We use neural network based sentiment analysis to decode Holocaust memories and present a methodology to combine supervised and unsupervised sentiment analysis to analyse the oral history interviews of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Finally, we employed three advanced methods of computational semantics. These helped us decipher the decisions by the neural network and understand, for instance, the complex sentiments around family memories in the testimonies.
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    On Digital Humanities: from a Philosophical -- Cultural Point of view
    Cheng Chung - sing
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 3-6.  
    Abstract412)      PDF(pc) (1177KB)(144)       Save
    To digitalize humanities (human sciences)       has profound philosophical and cultural significances. It is a matter of transforming our subjectivities and intrinsic values based on our best feelings and mental thinking on life and reality into manageable form of objectivity. The question is how to do it? I propose in this paper to consider identifying unit of linguistic meanings in our Classical Texts and use relevant words and sentences to organize different forms of discourses from various schools of philosophy and recognize the dominant and outstanding arguments and positions for explaining relevant historical events and trends as well      philosophical points. It serves the purpose of understanding history in a better way, and at the meantime constructing and I forecasting visions of human future under present and other presupposed conditions of human behavior. Digital humanities therefore can be used to promote Chinese humanities including Chinese philosophy and Chinese culture for a worthwhile world-vision of peace and prosperity of mankind.
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    An On-Site Study and Its GIS Presentation of the Grand Canal in Painting Album of the Great Canal Journeys by Qian Gu and Visual Travelogue of a Journey Through the Waterways by Zhang Fu of Ming Dynasty
    Chien Chin-Sung Liao Hsiung-Ming Wang Yong Zhang Shujun Tang Chen Yan Cheng Xie Dinghong
    Digital Humanities Research    2023, 3 (2): 50-115.  
    Abstract214)      PDF(pc) (75142KB)(144)       Save
    Qian Gu(钱穀)’s Painting Album of the Great Canal Journeys(《纪行图册》)was based on Wang Shizhen(王世贞)’s Shi Jin Ji Xing(《适晋纪行》)in the fourth year of the Longqing reign (1570) in June and was painted into 32 scenes from Cangshan Xiaozhi Garden(仓山小祗园) to Yangzhou Yangzi Bridge( 扬州扬子桥). Zhang Fu(张复)’s Visual Travelogue of A Journey Through the Waterways(《水程图》)was drawn on the boat going north when Wang Shizhen entered the position of Taipu(太仆) in the second year of Wanli (1574) in February. He depicted 52 scenes from Shao Bo(邵伯)to Tongzhou(通州). Both works were done in a realistic style and are considered exceptional in the Ming dynasty’s painting history. This article uses the on-site study method to undertake three tasks. First,since Wang Shizhen’s trip to the north coincided with the Great Canal’s changing period during the completion of the Longqing Xinhe(隆庆新河)and the discussion of the Jiahe(泇河),this article intends to digitize all the waterways they passed through. Second,Qian Gu stated that he wanted to record the true landscape at that time,so this article uses travel diaries,local gazetteers,ancient and modern maps,and my own research results through the on-site study to explain each illustration and verify the degree of realism depicted by the painters. Third,the value of the more than 80 scenes is like discovering a large box of Ming dynasty videotapes. This article will reveal the true appearance of the Great Canal in the Ming dynasty in a visual and expressive manner through the true nature of the scenes.
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    What Does A Photograph Sound Like? Digital Image Sonification As Synesthetic AudioVisual Digital Humanities
    Michael J. Kramer Trans. Zhu Zitong
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (4): 63-73.  
    Abstract248)      PDF(pc) (7258KB)(137)       Save
    Computers have the capacity to transpose the pixels,shapes,and other features of visualmaterial into sound. This act of data correlation between the visual and the audial produces anew artifact,a sonic composition created from the visual source. The new artifact,however,correlates precisely to data in the original,thus allowing for fresh ways of perceiving its form,content,and context. Seeming to distort the visual object into an aural one paradoxically allowsan observer to observe the visual evidence anew,with more accuracy. A kind of generative,synesthetic criticism becomes possible by cutting across typical boundaries between the visualand the audio,the optic and the aural. Listening to as well as looking at visual artifacts by wayof digital transpositions of data enables better close readings,more compelling interpretations, and deeper contextual understandings. Building on my earlier scholarship into image glitching,remixing,and sonification,this essay investigates a photograph of Joan Baez performing at theGreek Amphitheater in Berkeley,California,during the early 1960s. The image comes from myproject on the Berkeley Folk Music Festival and the history of the folk music revival on the WestCoast of the United States. Here,the use of digital image sonification becomes particularlyintriguing. While we cannot magically recover the music being made in the photograph,we can more closely attend to the ghosts of sound within the silent snapshot. Digital image sonification does not recover the music itself, but it does help to amplify issues of gender, power, embodiment, spectacle, performance, hierarchy, and performance in my perceptions of Baezmaking music in the photograph. Using the ear as well as the eye to scan the image for itsmultiple levels of meaning leads to unsuspected perceptions,which then support morerevealing analysis. In
    digital image sonification,a cyborgian dance of data,signal,image,sound,history,and human perception emerges,activating visual materials for renewed scrutiny. In doing so,this mode of AudioVisual DH activates the scholarly imagination in promising newways.
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    The Political Network Analysis of Shuhan Based on Three Kingdoms Annals
    Sheng Yihan Huo Chaoguang
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (3): 61-74.  
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    Although the rise and fall is a political phenomenon,it is actually caused by various objective political forces behind it. In order to gain insight into the complicated relations of the Shuhan regime,this paper quantifies the relations of Shuhan political figures through text mining methods and analyzes the structure of Shuhan political network from four aspects:overall characteristics of Shuhan political network,core political figures,internal historical changes, and external co-temporal comparison with other countries,based on the Three Kingdoms Annals. The study shows that the power division and political structure changes of the Shuhan regime were related to the place of origin;compared with Wei and Wu,the Shuhan regime had more centralized power and smoother power transition. With objective facts, this study responds to the debate on the transmutation of the political structure of the Shuhan Dynasty from a global historical perspective,proposes new research entry points and also provides a reference for making full use of digital technology for historical research.
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    Design and Construction of Special Historical Place Names Database Based on TGIS – Case study of "Digital Historical Yellow River" Place Name Database 

    Pan Wei, Bai Jiang-tao, Xia Cui-juan, Liu Qi-en
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 13-24.  
    Abstract311)      PDF(pc) (13174KB)(122)       Save
    By introducing the spatio-temporal framework and big data technology into the historical place databasethis paper provides an idea and method based on the temporal and spatial framework and Temporal Geographic Information System (TGIS) for the development of historical place support for updating and maintaining historical place innating historical place" digital historical Yellow River" is constructed. This place names information system. It offers big data of preserving and dissem--names information and explores information based on modern information technology. Under the guidance of this idea, the database includes a historical placation management system suitable for the study of the history of the Yellow River and has targeted space-time analysis tools and historical place names update mechanisms based on big data. It also provides a reference for the information other than the place names of administrative districts and settlements such as water conservancy place names, etc.
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    Digital Humanities and Digital Social Reading
    Simone Rebora, Peter Boot, Federico Pianzola, Brigitte Gasser, J.Berenike Herrmann, Maria Kraxenberger, Moniek M.Kuijpers, Gerhard Lauer, Piroska, Lendvai, Thomas C.Messerli, Pasqualina Sorrentino, Trans.WangLirui
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (1): 52-67.  
    Abstract348)      PDF(pc) (15623KB)(116)       Save
    Prominent among the social developments that the web 2.0 has facilitated is digital social reading (DSR):on many platforms there are functionalities for creating bookreviews,'inline'commenting on book texts, online story writing(often in the formof fanfiction),informal book discussions,book vlogs,and more. In this article,weargue that DSR offers unique possibilities for research into literature,reading,theimpact of reading and literary communica- tion.We also claim that in this context computational tools are especially relevant, making DSR a field particularly suit- ablefor the application of Digital Humanities methods. We draw up an initial categorization of research aspects of DSR and briefly examine literature for each category. We distinguish between studies on DSR that use it as a lens to study wider processesof literary exchange as opposed to studies for which the DSR culture is a phenomenon interesting in its own right.Via seven examples of DSR research,we discuss the chosen approaches and their connection to research questions in literarystudies.

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    Research on the Connotation of Plants in Chinese Literature Under the Perspective of Digital Humanities
    Ma Kaiyan Xiao Yao Chen Qian Hao Mengyao Yang Guancan
    Digital Humanities Research    2022, 2 (2): 35-45.  
    Abstract224)      PDF(pc) (33509KB)(104)       Save
    Based on the fundamental goal of digging out the literary connotation of common plants,this research aims to visualize the connection between plants and literature. We construct a topic model to explore the affiliation and relevance of literarily images of plants and present the correspondence of term and theme with two network diagrams. This study uses the LDA topic model to process the distribution of 7 topics among 35 kinds of trees and analyzes the relationship between the topics and the related terms.The results obtained show an excellent classification effect,further revealing the close relationship between the cultural connotations of different plants and realizing the application of text mining to interpret plant-centered literary intentions.
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