数字人文研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 79-98.

• 人文新知 • 上一篇    下一篇

“文”何以“载道”:基于知识图谱的古文运动转型研究

  

  • 出版日期:2026-06-28 发布日期:2026-07-16

How Does “Wen” Carry the “Dao”? A Knowledge-Graph-Based Study of the Transformation of the Guwen Movement

  • Online:2026-06-28 Published:2026-07-16

摘要:

通过对数字化《全唐文》《全宋文》中226位唐宋士人的57 043篇文章进行语体、文体与知识类型标注与关系分析发现:古文运动不仅是“由骈向散”的语体变化,也表现为文体功能与知识组织方式的重构。数据表明,语体散化趋势较为稳定;赋类的式微、书信与论辩等文体的上升,以及经学、史学论述的集中,显示唐宋士人逐渐拓展了文章经世的表达方式。以唐宋八大家为代表的古文家,尤其倾向于通过散体及论辩、序跋、书信等文体组织经史知识、阐发政治与伦理判断。思想史上,这一变化可与新儒家对现实“物事”的关注及“文—物—道”结构相互参照,显示“文以载道”逐渐转向以知识论辩介入现实、影响思想的文章经世方式。

关键词: 古文运动 , 数字人文 , 知识图谱 , 文道关系 , 文体 , 唐宋八大家

Abstract:

Based on multidimensional annotation and relational analysis of prose style,genre,and knowledge structure in 57,043 digitized texts by 226 Tang-Song authors from Quan Tangwen and Quan Songwen,this article finds that the Guwen Movement was not only a shift from parallel prose to plain prose,but also a reorganization of genre functions and modes of knowledge organization.The data show a relatively stable trend toward plain prose,the decline of fu,the rise of letters and argumentative genres,and a concentration of classical and historical discourse,indicating that Tang-Song literati gradually expanded the expressive forms of writing for statecraft. The guwen writers represented by the Tang-Song Eight Masters were especially inclined to organize classical and historical knowledge and articulate political and ethical judgments through plain prose,argumentative writing,prefaces,and letters.From the perspective of intellectual history,this transformation corresponds to Neo-Confucian attention to concrete affairs and the “wen-thingsDao” structure,showing that “writing to carry the Dao” increasingly turned toward a form of statecraft writing that intervened in reality and shaped thought through knowledge-based argumentation.

Key words: Guwen Movement , digital humanities , knowledge gra , phgenre , Dao , Tang-Song Eight Masters

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