数字人文研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 42-63.

• 攻玉以石 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国外销画研究模型探索:以英国V&A博物馆馆藏为例

  

  1. 高瑾,英国伦敦大学学院数字人文讲师;张扬明、王林敏清、刘佳玮,英国伦敦大学学院数字人文研究生
  • 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2024-12-15

A Digital Humanities Research Model for Chinese Export Paintings: A Case Study of the Victoria and Albert Museum Collection

  • Online:2024-06-28 Published:2024-12-15

摘要:

中国外销画是18世纪至19世纪中国画家特别创作的商品画,旨在出口到欧洲和北美市场并迎合西方消费者的审美品味。这些作品融合了中国和欧洲绘画技巧,详细描绘了清朝晚期的传统习俗、职业、制造业和贸易、船舶、植物和动物等主题元素,形成了独特的艺术风格。文章介绍了英国伦敦大学学院(UCL)和英国维多利亚和艾尔伯特博物馆(V&A)合作的中国外销画研究项目,并引入了针对中国外销艺术所建立的数字人文研究模型。首先,研究通过量化方法识别相似画作主题和不同画家身份;其次,使用深度学习方法将2350幅外销画图像按主题分类;而后对其进行图像志标引和深入分析,以挖掘中国画家在18至19世纪创作外销画时的内容主题分布和演变。研究结果发现了V&A馆藏外销画在1840年前后的主题差异,为中国外销画和全球艺术史相关研究提供了数据支持,同时还为今后的外销艺术研究贡献了新的数字人文研究模型。这些成果加深了对中国外销画主题的理解,同时也为探索和解析中西文化交融的独特历程发掘了新的研究途径。

关键词: 博物馆 , 数字化 , 中国外销画 , 图像研究 , 数字人文

Abstract:

Chinese export paintings, made by Chinese artists between the 18th and 19th centuries, were specially for export to Europe and North America.These works blend Chinese and European painting techniques and include Chinese traditional customs, occupations, manufacturing and trade, ships, flora, and fauna of late Qing Dynasty, which formed a unique artistic style. This paper introduces a collaborative research project between University College London(UCL) and the Victoria and Albert Museum(V&A), which proposes a new digital humanities research model to study Chinese export art. Firstly, the research quantitatively identifies similar painting themes and group them into different artists/workshops. Secondly, it employs deep learning methods to classify 2350 export painting images by theme. Finally, the study conducts iconographic annotation and in-depth analysis to uncover the thematic distribution and evolution of Chinese export paintings created by Chinese artists from the 18th to 19th centuries. The findings reveal significant thematic differences in V&A's collection of export paintings before and after 1840, which provide data support for research on Chinese export paintings and global art history. Additionally, the study contributes a new digital humanities research model for future research on export art. These findings deepen the understanding of Chinese export painting themes and explore new research methodology for analysing the unique process of Sino-Western cultural integration.

Key words: museum , digitisation , Chinese export paintings , image analysis , digital humanities

中图分类号: